软件包升级
sudo apt upgrade
lsblk命令用于列出所有可用的存储设备及其分区信息
df -h 查看挂载点、文件系统类型、已用空间、可用空间等。
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| root@dellevin-ubuntu:/# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
loop0 7:0 0 63.9M 1 loop /snap/core20/2318
loop1 7:1 0 87M 1 loop /snap/lxd/29351
loop2 7:2 0 38.8M 1 loop /snap/snapd/21759
sda 8:0 0 119.2G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1M 0 part
├─sda2 8:2 0 2G 0 part /boot
└─sda3 8:3 0 117.2G 0 part
└─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 253:0 0 117.2G 0 lvm /
sdb 8:16 0 465.8G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 465.8G 0 part
root@dellevin-ubuntu:/# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs 578M 1.2M 577M 1% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 115G 7.1G 102G 7% /
tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
/dev/sda2 2.0G 130M 1.7G 8% /boot
tmpfs 578M 4.0K 578M 1% /run/user/1000
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可以看到sdb并没有挂载
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 将这块硬盘格式
化为 ext4 文件系统
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| root@dellevin-ubuntu:/mnt# sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
/dev/sdb1 contains a ntfs file system labelled '系统'
Proceed anyway? (y,N) y
Creating filesystem with 122096000 4k blocks and 30531584 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 86424462-d372-4894-89b2-3186bb52b237
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (262144 blocks):
done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
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sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/500Data 创建挂载点并挂载硬盘
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| root@dellevin-ubuntu:/mnt# mkdir 500Data
root@dellevin-ubuntu:/mnt# ls
500Data
root@dellevin-ubuntu:/mnt# sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/500Data
root@dellevin-ubuntu:/mnt# df -h | grep sdb1
/dev/sdb1 458G 28K 435G 1% /mnt/500Data
root@dellevin-ubuntu:/mnt# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs 578M 1.2M 577M 1% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 115G 7.1G 102G 7% /
tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
/dev/sda2 2.0G 130M 1.7G 8% /boot
tmpfs 578M 4.0K 578M 1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sdb1 458G 28K 435G 1% /mnt/500Data
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设置开机自动挂载
sudo blkid | grep /dev/sdb1 查看硬盘UUID
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| root@dellevin-ubuntu:/mnt/500Data# sudo blkid | grep /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: UUID="86424462-d372-4894-89b2-3186bb52b237" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="1ea79eea-01"
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vim /etc/fstab 然后编辑 fstab 添加一行：
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| UUID=86424462-d372-4894-89b2-3186bb52b237 /mnt/500Data ext4 defaults 0 2
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